This blog will expand on themes and topics first mentioned in my book, "The Automobile and American Life." I hope to comment on recent developments in the automobile industry, reviews of my readings on the history of the automobile, drafts of my new work, contributions from friends, descriptions of the museums and car shows I attend and anything else relevant. Copyright 2009-2020, by the author.
Friday, August 27, 2021
A 1910 Speed-Trap: Mr. Ketchum, of Sandusky, Ohio -- Taken from Harriet White Fisher, "World-Tour in a Motor," 1911
Thursday, August 26, 2021
Paul Daimler and the 1886 Introduction of the Motorboat
- The high-speed combustion engine as a boat drive was premiered in August 1886
- Motorboat prototypes were tested on the Neckar near Bad Cannstatt
- In the same year, Daimler registered a patent for the motor drive for boats
It didn’t have a sail, nor was it rowed by muscular strength: at first glance the observers on the bank could not tell what was moving the boat, which cruised on the Neckar near Cannstatt so effortlessly in August 1886. Perhaps an electric motor was hidden in the housing in front of the helmsman? No, the little boat had the high-speed combustion engine by Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach working in it. Even before the first drive of Daimler’s first car, the motor carriage, he launched this innovative drive system on water 135 years ago. It corresponded with the mobility pioneer’s vision of motorization “on water, on land and in the air”.
Innovative trio
In the summer of 1886 Daimler equipped three differently-sized boats with the small and powerful one-cylinder engine, which, because of its distinctive shape, was also known as the “grandfather clock”. They offered enough space for between two and ten people. The “Neckar” was the biggest of the three, with the “Rems” in the middle and the “Schwaben” the smallest. The engine, on which Daimler and Maybach had been working since 1882 in Cannstatt and which debuted in the two-wheeled “Reitwagen” (“riding car”) in 1885, proved to be highly successful as a boat drive.
However, there were still reservations from the public over the use of the new engine in vehicles. Daimler therefore wanted to give the impression of an electric drive system. His son, Paul Daimler, reported: “In this [first] boat, which was even fitted with electrical insulators and wires during the day in order to keep the fact that it was powered with petrol a secret, the engine was removed and installed on a daily basis. My father’s explanation for this: ‘It runs on oilectricity’”. This meant the boat from the summer of 1886 was a forerunner for later prototypes in automotive development. After all, their design and technology is also camouflaged during testing.
On 9 October 1886 Daimler registered a patent for his “Device for operating a screw-shaft of a boat by means of a gas or petroleum engine”. The corresponding DRP 39367 was issued on 1 June 1887. Things progressed a little quicker in the United States of America: there Patent No. 361,931 for Daimler’s “Explosive Gas Marine Engine” was issued as early as 26 April 1887. A further revolutionary invention by Daimler was what was known as the reversing unit. It made it possible for boats to be driven backwards and to safely dock at the quay.
Series production from 1888
After the patent was issued the inventors abandoned their reticence vis-à-vis the public: an appearance by Wilhelm Maybach with a compact Daimler motorboat in Frankfurt am Main in the spring of 1887 was guaranteed to be a crowd-pleaser. There the “King of Designers” drew attention at a rowing regatta with his boat that rapidly rattled back and forth. Even the police investigated what this new vehicle was doing on the river Main. It is likely that Maybach gladly took this promotionally effective encounter with law enforcement on the chin in order to raise awareness of the invention. On 13 October 1887, the “Rems” was then presented to selected spectators on the Waldsee lake near Baden-Baden. Daimler also presented his motorised hand car immediately afterwards, which was one of the first rail vehicles to be powered by his engine.
The series production of motorboats finally began at Daimler in 1888. The young company even built its own shipyard in Bad Cannstatt (Seilerwasen) for this purpose. However, the hulls were provided by boat builders and Daimler fitted the engines and drive system. This production was also responsible for the motorboat “Marie”, built in 1888, belonging to the family of German Reich Chancellor Otto von Bismarck. The boat, with a hull made by Anderssen from Neckarsulm, was richly decorated. The art ore foundry from Stuttgart, Paul Stotz & Co., supplied the splendid decor. With its 1.1 kW (1.5 hp) engine the “Marie” reached a speed of 11 km/h. Today it is part of the permanent exhibition of the Mercedes-Benz Museum in the room Legend 1: Pioneers – The Invention of the Automobile. Its size and the basic concept of its drive system and rudder are similar to the “Neckar”.
Motorboats quickly became a sales hit for Daimler. After further demonstrations in Hamburg, on Lake Constance and in Sicily, customers were convinced and the little boats with combustion engines were delivered to as far away as the Sultan of Morocco. This particularly magnificently equipped boat, delivered in 1892, was disassembled into six pieces and transported on camels to this early VIP customer of Daimler.
Benz & Cie. also produced boat engines. The first Benz motorboat could already be found on the river Spree in 1887. After the merger of Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft with Benz & Cie. in 1926, the then Daimler-Benz AG supplied combustion engines for boat drives well into the 20th century. This included powerful marine diesel and high-speed drives for motorsport on water. A high point of this development were two record-breaking boats belonging to early Daimler-Benz major shareholder Herbert Quandt: at the end of the 1950s they were fitted with the six-cylinder engine of the Mercedes-Benz 300 SL Coupé (W 198) – a highly exceptional combination.
Today, too, there are intersections of Mercedes-Benz with sporty water vehicles. Since 2010, the designers of the brand, together with selected partners, have been working on the design for products in the areas of mobility, lifestyle and interior decoration under the label Mercedes-Benz Style. In 2016, the luxury cruiser “Arrow460–Granturismo” of Silver Arrows Marine was an impressive result.
Monday, August 23, 2021
Sunday, August 22, 2021
How A Pakistani Mechanic Resurfaces a Flywheel and Changes an Old Clutch Plate ... Or Making Do with What You Got!
Saturday, August 21, 2021
Kettering Towne Center Cruise-In, August 21, 2021: A 1967 Dodge Charger
Nathan's 383 4bbl. 1967 Dodge Charger and his wife Hannah. Nathan first got this car 10 years ago, then sold it to his brother. He bought it back 4 weeks ago. His plan is to improve it into a Drag and Drive car.
Brief Review of Kevin Clemens' "A Lap of the Globe: Behind the Wheel of a Vintage Mercedes in the World's Longest Auto Race"
Considering that this book was published twenty years ago, you might say that I am a little late with my review! Actually, I just learned of this book a few weeks ago, and found one of those rare reads that I could not put down. I had been reading on Aloha Wanderwell's around the world drive of the 1920s, and somehow Clemens' book came on my radar. Clemens' journey is far more detailed and substantial than Aloha Wanderwell's.
This work is extremely well thought out and written. It is a model for those who want to write about an extended road trip, as it has plenty of automotive technology in its contents, an interesting set of character studies, including driver, navigator, and fellow competitors. Clemens starts in London as a part of an organized competitive rally that is mostly for the privileged wealthy -- after all, the entry price is $70,000 and with incidentals, probably totaled $100k. Entitled drivers, vintage and collector cars, and a pompous organizer are all featured. The latter, an unlikable sort, bends the rules to satisfy certain cliques and whiners. He is only out for himself and his business.
But what a great story. It is of machines and contestants at times pushed to the limits of endurance. Four star hotels may have been promised, but cramped quarters and overflowing toilets were often encountered. The author does a great job of portraying the locals, whether in Turkey, Azerbaijan, , China, or Montana. Clemens also gets at the people he is traveling with, in a non-patronizing way, whether it be his own navigator or rivals. He pulls no punches; for example, he vents his anger at to a Jaguar driver who did him wrong -- "the bastard."
Clemens'car -- a 1959 Mercedes -- is one star of this narrative. It takes a beating and keeps on ticking. Clemens and his co-driver and navigator dentist Martin are two other stars with flaws and all. To drive the world is quite an accomplishment and this book serves as an inspiration to the readers who sigh to get out of their chairs and experience adventure.
Thursday, August 19, 2021
Syllabus for The Automobile and American Life, Fall, 2021, the University of Dayton
HST 344: The Automobile and American Life
CAP: Crossing Boundaries: Inquiry & Advanced Historical Studies
Class Meeting: TTH 3:35 – 4:50 p.m., Frericks Center 051
Instructors: John A. Heitmann and James Todd Uhlman
Office Hours:
Dr. Heitmann
Office Hours: By appointment (Heitmann)
E-Mail: Jheitmann1@udayton.edu
Blog page: http://www.automobileandamericanlife.blogspot.com
Dr. Uhlman (aka, Dr. U)
Office Hours: T/R 2:00 – 3:00, my office is located in HC 451
E-Mail: juhlman1@udayton.edu
Texts:
John Heitmann, The Automobile and American Life, 2nd Edition, McFarland, 2018,
978-1-4766-6935-9
Jack Kerouac, On the Road, Penguin, 1999
978-0140283297
Tom Wolfe, The Electric Kool-Aid Test, Picador, 2008, 978-03124427597
William Least Heat Moon, Blue Highways, Back Bay Books, 1999
978-0316353298
Gretchen Sorin, Driving While Black, Liveright, 2020
978-1631495694
And materials on Isidore.
Grades: The final grade for this course will be based on two hour exams, (50%), a review of Blue Highways (20%), and final exam (30%). The grade scale is as follows: A 94 to 100; A- 90 to 93; B+ 87-89; B 84-86; B- 80 - 83; C+ 77-79; C 74-76; C- 70-73. A similar pattern applies to lower grades. Letter grades are assigned a mid-point numerical grade. Additionally, attendance can influence your final grade: if you miss more than 3 classes, one letter grade will be deducted from your grade; if you miss more than 6 classes, a two letter grade reduction will take place. A good grade for this course is a B. Grade averages may be influenced by such factors as trends over the time of the course; for example, how you finish is far more important than how you start. Policies for exams strictly follows History Department Guidelines, and make-ups will only be offered with a valid, documented excuse.
Attendance at lectures is crucial if you are to expect a good grade in the course, and I want you to be at every class if that is at all possible. On many occasions the material presented is not covered in the readings, and so many of the ideas discussed central to the development of modern science are complex and often confusing. Your attitude and what you bring into the classroom can make the difference between a mediocre offering and a most positive educational experience.
Cheating and plagiarism will not be tolerated and offenses will be punished accordingly. A first offense will result in a failing grade for the exam or paper in question; a second offense will result in a failing grade for the course.
Course Purpose: It has been said that the automobile is the perfect technological symbol of American culture, a tangible expression of our quest to level space, time and class, and a reflection of our restless mobility, social and otherwise. In this course we will explore together the place of the automobile, driving, and the road in American life. How did it transform business, life on the farm and in the city, the nature and organization of work, leisure time, and the arts. More pointedly, how did it change what it means to be human? This is a most complex transition that we will study, as the automobile transformed everyday life and the environment in which we operate. It influenced the foods we eat; music we listen to; risks we take; places we visit; errands we run; emotions we feel; movies we watch; stress we endure; and the air we breathe.
There are two teachers in this course and two focal points. Heitmann will center his presentations and readings on the evolution of the automobile as a system of technology and the complex relationship between the engineers and other professions who were responsible for the manufacture, design and marketing of automobiles and the consumers and users. Car culture will be one handle tgo explore this symbiotic relationship. To that end he will often refer to his textbook, The Automobile and American Life, which is required reading. Uhlman will focus on inner and outer automobile journeys, drawing on the other books listed as required for this course.
SCHEDULE OF LECTURES AND ASSIGNMENTS
Week 1/August 24
Class Topics:
Introduction: What our cars tell us about ourselves. The car in everyday life: the automobile age and its contradictions
America’s first Transcontinental Road Trip.
Readings and Films:
Book-Heitmann, Auto and American Life, Introduction.
Film-“Horatio’s Drive.”
Week 2/August 31
Class Topics:
Automotive Pioneers. The Glidden Tours. Speed.
Reading and Films:
Book-Heitmann, Auto and American Life, Chapter 1.
Article-James Flink, “Three Stages of Automotive Consciousness” (Isidore)
Week 3/September 7
Class Topics:
Putting America on the Road
Automobiles and National Parks Tourism
The Marriage of Automobiles and Film
Week 4 September 14
Class Topics:
The Work and Legacy of Henry Ford
The Automobile Conquers the World
Reading and Films:
Book-Heitmann, Auto and American Life, Chapter 2.
Film: ” “With Car and Camera Around the World” (1929)
Week 5/September 21
Class Topics:
The Rise of General Motors
Reading and Films:
Book-Heitmann, Auto and American Life, Chapter 3
Film: “Master Hands”
Week 6/September 28
Class Topics:
On the Road; Discussion of Kerouac, On the Road
Reading and Films:
Book-Heitmann, Auto and American Life, Chapter 4
Book-Kerouac, On the Road
DUE October 5: EXAM #1 You will be tested on Keroauc
Week 7/ October 5
Class Topic: Religion, Courtship and Sex
Reading and Films:
Book-Heitmann, Auto and American Life, Chapter 5
Film-Clip from “It Happened One Night.”
October October 7
NO CLASS: MIDTERM BREAK
Week 8/ October 12
Class Topics:
The Interwar Years: The Great Depression
Aerodynamics, and Cars of the Olympian Age
Reading and Films:
Book-Heitmann, Auto and American Life, Chapter 6.
Film-Clip from “Grapes of Wrath”
Film-Clip from “Master Hands”
Week 9/October 19
Class Topics:
World War II: Detroit, the Arsenal of Democracy
The Post War Industry and Technological Suppression
Reading and Films:
Book-Heitmann, Auto and American Life, Chapter 7
Film-Clip from “Tucker: The Man and his Dream”
Film-Clip from “Detour”
Week 10/ October 26
Class Topics:
Speed during the 1950s: Chrome Dreams
Reading and Films:
Book-Heitmann, Auto and American Life, pp.149-168
Book-Wolfe, The Electric Kool-Aid Test (begin)
Film-Clip from “To Please a Lady”
Film-Clip from “Rebel Without a Cause”
Film-Clip from “Hot Rod”
Week 11/12 November 2/9
Class Topics:
The Rise of the interstates.
Discussion of The Electric Kool-Aid Test.
Reading and Films:
Book-Heitmann, Auto and American Life, pp.
Book-Wolfe, The Electric Kool-Aid Test (complete)
Film-“Divided Highways”
DUE: November 11, Exam #2 -- you will be tested on the Wolfe book at this time
Week 13/ November 16
Class Topics:
People of Plenty; The Prosperity Decade of the 1960s
The Rise of the American Muscle Car, Counterculture
Reading and Films:
Book-Heitmann, Auto and American Life, Chapter 9
Book-Least Heat Moon, Blue Highways (begin)
Film-“Two Lane Blacktop”
Week 14/15November 23 & 30
Class Topics:
Nervous Breakdown: Oil Shock I & II
Japan, James Bond, and Mobile Lovemaking
Discussion of Blue Highways
Reading and Films:
Book-Heitmann, Auto and American Life, Chapter 10
Book-Least Heat Moon, Blue Highways (complete)
Film-“Thelma and Louise”
DUE: November 30, Review of Blue Highways is due
Week 16/ December 7
Class Topics:
The Automobile World Upside Down, 1980s to the Present. Disruptive Technologies.
Discussion of Sorin Book.
Reading and Films:
Book-Heitmann, Auto and American Life, Chapter 11 and Epilogue.
FINAL EXAM, Friday
Tuesday, August 17, 2021
The Wanderwells Split, and Scheme "The Million Dollar Wager." Walter Takes on a Ford Model T in 1921 with Rajo Accessories.
Kindness and Peanut Butter Sandwiches Found On the Road!
From Ed --
Monday, August 9, 2021
Mercedes Sl Cars at 70th Pebble Beach Concours d'Elegance
It could hardly get more exquisite than this: at the annual Monterey Car Week in the grounds of the Pebble Beach Golf Club, the most exclusive and spectacular classics in motoring history are presented, admired, awarded prizes and sometimes even auctioned off for record-setting sums. Mercedes-Benz will also be present with several vehicles this year (August 12 – 15, 2021). The focus will be on the history of the Mercedes-Benz SL. Examples of several generations of these fascinating sports cars will be on display at Pebble Beach – ranging from the 300 SL racing sports car from 1952 and the legendary 300 SL Roadster from 1957 to an SL 55 AMG of 2003. The SL tradition lives on: The latest all-new SL generation (R 232) will come soon.
The birth of the SL sports car: Mercedes-Benz sports cars have a very close connection with the USA. Back in 1953, American Max E. Hoffman was convinced that a sports car from Mercedes-Benz would be successful on the American market. Hoffman, the brand’s importer for the eastern United States, travelled to Untertürkheim to promote his idea for extending the model line-up. The minutes of a board meeting on September 2, 1953 showed: “In the USA, people expect Mercedes-Benz, a company with a particularly good name in that country, to offer under all circumstances a sports car which alone can provide a basis for the existence of the dealer organisation.” These discussions resulted in two models, the 190 SL (W 121) and the 300 SL (W 198). Hoffman was proved right: in 1954 and 1955 alone, no less than 85 percent of the 996 300 SL Coupés built were exported to the USA. Throughout the entire production period, Mercedes-Benz delivered more than half of all its 300 SL to North America. The subsequent SL model series continued this success story. Many of the best kept specimens can be seen regularly in Pebble Beach.
Mercedes-Benz Classic in Pebble Beach: Mercedes-Benz Classic is presenting six cars from its SL heritage collection in connection with the Concours d’Elegance.
- Mercedes-Benz 300 SL racing sports car (W 194) #5: It was in this very car that Rudolf Caracciola, three-time European Champion of the Silver Arrow era from 1934 to 1939, took fourth place in the 1952 Mille Miglia. Hermann Lang, European Champion in 1939, finished second in the Carrera Panamericana in 1952 in this 300 SL.
- Mercedes-Benz 300 SL (W 194) #11: the racing prototype further developed for the 1953 season – a true one-off.
- Mercedes-Benz 300 SL Roadster (W 198), 1957
- Mercedes-Benz 280 SL “Pagoda” (W 113), 1969
- Mercedes-Benz 380 SL (R 107), 1982
- Mercedes-Benz SL 500 (R 129), special model for the USA, the “Silver Arrow Edition”, 2001
- Mercedes-Benz SL 55 AMG (R 230), 2003
Mercedes-Benz in North America: Mercedes-Benz Classic will not be the only presenter of valuable classics from the brand with the three-pointed star during the Monterey Car Week – numerous enthusiasts of the brand will present exceptional models from their private collections. These models are expected:
- Mercedes-Benz S Tourer (W 06), 1927
- Mercedes-Benz SS Armbruster Cabriolet (W 06), 1927
- Mercedes-Benz 680 S Saoutchik Torpedo (W 06), 1928
- Mercedes-Benz 680 S Gangloff Sport 4 (W 06), 1929
- Mercedes-Benz S Barker Tourer (W 06), 1929
- Mercedes-Benz SS Erdmann & Rossi Roadster (W 06), 1930
- Mercedes-Benz SSK “Count Trossi” Roadster (W 06), 1930
- Mercedes-Benz 38/250 SSK Roadster (W 06), 1931
- Mercedes-Benz 500 K Special Roadster (W 29), 1936
- Mercedes-Benz 540 K Special Roadster (W 29), 1937
- Mercedes-Benz 540 K “Autobahnkurier” (W 29), 1938
- Mercedes-Benz 300 S Coupé (W 188), 1952
- Mercedes-Benz 300 SL “Gullwing” (W 198), 1954
- Mercedes-Benz 300 SL “Gullwing” (W 198), 1955
- Mercedes-Benz 230 SL Pininfarina Coupé (W 113), 1964
Concours d’Elegance celebrates its 70th anniversary: the competition for outstanding automotive elegance has been held every year since 1950 on the Pacific coast of California. The only exception was 2020, when the event had to be cancelled due to the coronavirus pandemic. This is why the 70th Pebble Beach Concours d’Elegance, featuring 200 breath-taking cars and exquisitely and elegantly dressed ladies and gentlemen, will take place on Sunday, August 15, 2021. Around the 18th hole of the golf course, cars will be awarded prizes, including the classic “Best of Show”. On the Thursday before the Concours, around 150 historic cars will take part in the Pebble Beach Tour d’Elegance, a scenic trip of approximately 75 miles, which will demand a great deal of skill from the drivers due to its topography. Monterey Car Week events also include classic car auctions from some of the world’s top auction houses. In a typical year, around 100,000 visitors from all over the world come to this exquisite event.