Peking, China, 2016 (Porsche) |
Hi folks – an interesting interview to say the least. After reading this, do you agree that in the future automobiles will no longer be status symbols? What will be the status symbols of those living in 2030? What kind of events might flip this entire projection upside down? Is this view one centered on the U.S., Europe, Asia or is it global?
Interview with Lars Thomsen,
futurologist: Courtesy Porsche.
Mr. Thomsen, will automobiles even exist in future?
Yes, but several basic
aspects related to automobiles and individual mobility will change
fundamentally over the next ten years. This will particularly be the case with
regard to drive systems and autonomous capability, or "intelligence".
However, there will also be a change in the way we view the concept of
individual urban mobility. In other words, we're on the verge of several
upheavals.
Some people are
predicting that the significance of
the automobile as a status symbol will decline rapidly.
Most people still view
their cars as a very important and also emotional part of their lives and their
culture of mobility. However, more and more people in big cities, and
especially young people, want to be able to use cars but don't necessarily want
to own one. The mobile Internet allows them to choose the most efficient form
of mobility for a given situation, which in many cases is not an automobile. In
general, these people no longer view cars as status symbols but instead as one
mobility option among many. This trend is growing in line with the increasing availability
of car-sharing services, and it will expand even further with the advent of
fully automated urban vehicles in future.
What will the car of tomorrow actually be like – in
terms of drive system technology, for example?
The combustion engine has
been the dominant power source for cars and trucks for more than 100 years now,
but like every other technology, it too will be replaced by something better at
some point. Electric cars are much more dynamic, require less maintenance and
consume fewer resources. Up until now, however, the lack of powerful and
reasonably priced batteries has prevented electric vehicles from achieving a
major breakthrough. Nevertheless, we will very soon reach the point where pure
electric drives will be cheaper than combustion engines and hybrids. We will
reach this point on a global scale before 2020 in fact. In around ten years,
according to our calculations, we will rarely see vehicles equipped with
combustion engines coming off the assembly lines anymore. However, this doesn't
mean that such cars will lose their special appeal, especially since they'll
then be viewed as classics. It's just that more and more cities will tighten
restrictions on vehicles with combustion engines – and the autonomous city pods
we expect to see starting around 2022 will all be electric.
Why is this development so important?
It's already the case that
our children no longer accept the way we use energy and finite resources, or
how we deal with climate change. In ten years, it will be difficult for us to
explain to them why we didn't act differently, given our level of knowledge and
our moral codes, and especially given the fact that we already knew there were
effective solutions available. In Germany, for example, we already generate
nearly twice as much electricity from renewable sources as all passenger cars
in the country would need if they all ran on electricity. We're talking here
about energy we produce ourselves and energy that does not harm the global
climate. Moreover, providing such power for electric cars would be four times
less expensive than the imported fossil fuels we use today. The large-scale use
of electric cars would also offer a partial solution to the problem we
currently face in terms of a lack of storage media for energy from renewable
sources. In addition, I would point out that the raw materials used for the
batteries in electric vehicles do not pose any problem. For example, more than
98 per cent of the materials used in lithium-ion batteries are recyclable and
non-toxic. Moreover, when you consider that a car with a combustion engine
consumes more than 20,000 kilograms of non-recyclable fossil hydrocarbons
throughout its service life, and thus produces around 70,000 kilograms of
greenhouse gases, then the roughly 300 kilograms of material in a battery
doesn't really amount to much of an issue.
Vehicle electrification isn't the only mobility
megatrend that people are talking about at the moment…
No, as I indicated, there
are currently a whole range of megatrends that are changing our world.
Megacities around the world with millions of residents are desperately looking
to develop new urban mobility concepts that are not necessarily compatible with
the products that are available today. Digitisation will also bring us to the
point where computers will be able to carry out an increasing number of routine
activities (and driving will be one of them) more effectively and in a more
error-free manner than is the case with humans. In just five years, a computer
will be driving us around in our new cars in most driving situations – and we
will find this to be very cool and relaxing. At the same time, we will be able
to enjoy and celebrate the old-style driving experience with traditional cars
in our free time.
Does this mean automakers will become IT companies?
Yes, and IT companies will
become automakers. What we're hearing now is that Apple plans to launch a
vehicle as early as 2019. Google and other companies are working on autonomous
vehicle systems that we might soon be able to use in major cities around the
world. As a result, assistance systems and systems that connect vehicles with
energy, traffic guidance and information networks will also become more and
more important in the vehicle development process in future. The nature of
expertise and value creation in the automotive industry will change and
competition will become more intense. This will present tremendous challenges
to the industry and related economic sectors.
Nevertheless, let's be honest: isn't all of this still
a long way off?
A lot of things that
appear normal to us today seemed like a dream of the future just ten years ago.
Most developments follow a certain logic and are based on reliable data.
Whenever there have been upheavals throughout history, you can always look back
and retrace how it was that they came about. Our approach is to apply this
principle to the future. Consider the following example: when you make popcorn,
you heat up the corn kernels in a pot with hot oil (this is the trend) – and
then nothing happens for a while. However, at a certain point the first kernel
opens up because the water it contains turns to steam and this causes it to
pop. The thing is that once this point is reached, nearly all the kernels pop
within a few seconds. We refer to this as the tipping point, and it is
relatively easy to calculate beforehand if you understand the basic principle.
If you look at the technological transformations over the last 300 years,
you'll see that this type of logic is involved in nearly every case.
Yes, but how can you know all of this – do you have a
crystal ball in your office?
Yes, actually we do – but
it's used more for decorative purposes. The work of futurologist is based on a
good mixture of curiosity, the meticulous collection of facts and data, the
development of understandable and logical models of future developments and a
great deal of travel in order to learn about the people and companies that are
working to shape the future. This also makes the work of a futurologist very
exciting. The future is not a coincidence; it is shaped and invented by people
who come up with new things. Ultimately, it is then the consumers who decide
whether a given innovation actually improves their lives. It's as simple as
that.
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